Focus on business services (working capital, trade finance).
The apex body that regulates the entire system (e.g., the Federal Reserve in the US or the RBI in India). Controls the money supply and inflation.
The system is generally structured in a "two-tier" hierarchy: 1. Central Banks banking system
These are the front-facing institutions that interact with the public and businesses.
Back to Basics: What Is a Bank? - International Monetary Fund Focus on business services (working capital, trade finance)
Responsible for printing and distributing national currency.
Focus on individual consumers (checking/savings accounts, personal loans). Focus on business services (working capital
Provides emergency loans to commercial banks. 2. Commercial & Retail Banks