Building Automation And Control Systems -

: High-level devices like operator stations, cloud servers, or management software for data analysis and human interaction.

: Devices that acquire physical quantities like temperature or occupancy. Building automation and control systems

A BACS typically functions through a modular structure consisting of three primary layers: : High-level devices like operator stations, cloud servers,

: Hardware that performs physical actions, such as opening a valve or dimming a light. 2. Industry Standards and Protocols : High-level devices like operator stations

: Controllers and automation stations that process data and execute programmed logic for specific applications like air conditioning or lighting.

Interoperability—the ability for products from different vendors to work together—is achieved through standardized communication protocols. BACnet™ - ASHRAE