Captivity [Verified Source]

Captivity is the state of being confined to a particular space and prevented from moving freely. While it most commonly refers to animals kept in zoos, aquariums, or as pets, it also encompasses human experiences such as imprisonment or being a prisoner of war. The Human Perspective

“It's basic biology,” Rose says. A captive-born orca that has never lived in the ocean still has the same innate drives, she says. National Geographic Captivity

: Sudden capture leads to "lifestyle shock," where social and physical supports vanish instantly, often causing immediate trauma and anxiety. Captivity is the state of being confined to

Millions of wild animals live in captivity across the United States in various settings. Orcas don't do well in captivity. Here's why. A captive-born orca that has never lived in

For humans, captivity is a profound disruption of autonomy and lifestyle.

Chronic captivity stress in wild animals is highly species-specific

: Long-term consequences can include PTSD and depressive symptoms , which may worsen with age.