: Methods vary from Heap Leaching (spraying ore heaps) to Autoclave Leaching (high-pressure vessels).
: Used to extract precious metals like gold and silver from discarded circuit boards. Hydrometallurgy: Principles and Applications
: Dissolved metals are separated from impurities. : Methods vary from Heap Leaching (spraying ore
: Uses organic solvents to selectively bind target metal ions. Hydrometallurgy: Principles and Applications
The most relevant academic resource matching your subject is the comprehensive review published in the Journal of Powder Metallurgy & Mining . Core Principles and Unit Operations